In phase I, PDMS is prone to large elastic deformation and cracking in phase II, PDMS is relatively rigid and can keep the conformality. The lower row shows the configurable seal/open of the crack in PDMS in a molding process to create a replica of the master (phase II). The upper row shows the controlled formation of the elastic crack in PDMS in a casting process to create a PDMS mold from the master (phase I). (A) Schematic illustration of CECE for molding closed-loop structures. Our work paves the way for the cost-effective, large-scale production of a variety of flexible, inexpensive, and transparent 3D hierarchical and biomimetic materials.ĬECE. Herein, by harnessing the configurable elastic crack engineering-controlled formation and configuration of cracks in elastic materials-an effect normally avoided in various industrial processes, we report the development of a facile and powerful technique that enables the faithful transfer of arbitrary hierarchical structures with broad material compatibility and structural and functional integrity. While notable progress has been made in the design and manufacturing of various hierarchical materials, the state-of-the-art approaches suffer from limited materials selection, high costs, as well as low processing throughput.
Three-dimensional hierarchical morphologies widely exist in natural and biomimetic materials, which impart preferential functions including liquid and mass transport, energy conversion, and signal transmission for various applications.
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